2013 Vol. 4, No. 2
2013, 4(2): 105-110.
doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.2013.02.017
Abstract
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Abstract:
The water in shrimp ponds for intensive culture of shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei was monitored in terms of DIN,DIP,COD,pH,DO and Nutritional Status Composite Index （E） in the whole course of shrimp culture as well as horizontal and vertical distribution of physical and chemical indices at the late cultural stage. In the whole course of shrimp culture in the ponds the DIN was （0. 093 ± 0. 076） ～ （1. 736 ± 1. 134） mg· L-1, DIP （0. 062 ± 0. 271） ～ （0. 380 ± 0. 276） mg·L-1, COD （0. 940 ± 0. 934） ～ （9. 653 ± 1. 317） mg·L-1 and the E （1. 198 ± 4. 250） ～ （1 267. 537 ± 68. 534）. The water eutrophication gradually increased as the shrimp culture went on,and all the indexes reached their peak values at the 20th day,and then the values gradually decreased but gradually enhanced at the late cultural stage when the E was maximum. At the late cultural stage the water eutrophication gradually increased horizontally towards the sewage outfall and the E was in the range of （343. 230 ± 1. 659） ～ （2 786. 072 ± 55. 241） ; the eutrophication gradually increased vertically near the bottom,and the E ranged from （2 046. 687 ± 5. 568） to （2 789. 524 ± 7. 166）.
The water in shrimp ponds for intensive culture of shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei was monitored in terms of DIN,DIP,COD,pH,DO and Nutritional Status Composite Index （E） in the whole course of shrimp culture as well as horizontal and vertical distribution of physical and chemical indices at the late cultural stage. In the whole course of shrimp culture in the ponds the DIN was （0. 093 ± 0. 076） ～ （1. 736 ± 1. 134） mg· L-1, DIP （0. 062 ± 0. 271） ～ （0. 380 ± 0. 276） mg·L-1, COD （0. 940 ± 0. 934） ～ （9. 653 ± 1. 317） mg·L-1 and the E （1. 198 ± 4. 250） ～ （1 267. 537 ± 68. 534）. The water eutrophication gradually increased as the shrimp culture went on,and all the indexes reached their peak values at the 20th day,and then the values gradually decreased but gradually enhanced at the late cultural stage when the E was maximum. At the late cultural stage the water eutrophication gradually increased horizontally towards the sewage outfall and the E was in the range of （343. 230 ± 1. 659） ～ （2 786. 072 ± 55. 241） ; the eutrophication gradually increased vertically near the bottom,and the E ranged from （2 046. 687 ± 5. 568） to （2 789. 524 ± 7. 166）.
2013, 4(2): 111-118.
doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.2013.02.018
Abstract:
Four formulated microdiets supplemented with different soybean lecithin/fish oil （SL/FO） ratios: Diet1（0%/22% ）, Diet2（5%/14% ）, Diet 3 （10%/8%） and Diet 4 （15%/7% ） were fed to 40-day-old juvenile grouper Epinephelus coioides after hatching. Each experimental diet was distributed in triplicate tanks. The survival, feed efficiency,growth performance and intestine histology of the grouper juveniles were monitored after a 40-day growth trial. Results showed that different dietary SL/FO ratios significantly affected the growth and survival （P≤0. 05） of the grouper juveniles. The juveniles fed Diet 3 （10% /8%, SL/FO） and Diet 4 （15/7,SL/FO） gave significantly higher weight gain （WG） than those fed Diet 1 （0% /22%, SL/FO）. The juveniles fed Diet1 （0%/22%, SL/FO） had obviously lower whole body lipid content than those fed other diets （P≤0. 05）, but had significantly higher whole body protein content than those fed other diets （P ＜ 0. 05）. For all treatments no significant differences were observed in feed efficiency （FE）, hepatosomatic index （HSI）, viscerosomatic index （VSI） and condition factor （CF）, specific growth rate （SGR）, feed intake （FI）, protein efficiency ratio （PER）, and final body weight （FBW）. Increase in dietary soybean lecithin/fish oil （SL/FO） ratio reduced lipid droplets in intestine enterocytes of grouper juvenile. It is concluded that the grouper juvenile microdiets should have a high dietary soybean lecithin/fish oil ratio （15%/7% ）.
Four formulated microdiets supplemented with different soybean lecithin/fish oil （SL/FO） ratios: Diet1（0%/22% ）, Diet2（5%/14% ）, Diet 3 （10%/8%） and Diet 4 （15%/7% ） were fed to 40-day-old juvenile grouper Epinephelus coioides after hatching. Each experimental diet was distributed in triplicate tanks. The survival, feed efficiency,growth performance and intestine histology of the grouper juveniles were monitored after a 40-day growth trial. Results showed that different dietary SL/FO ratios significantly affected the growth and survival （P≤0. 05） of the grouper juveniles. The juveniles fed Diet 3 （10% /8%, SL/FO） and Diet 4 （15/7,SL/FO） gave significantly higher weight gain （WG） than those fed Diet 1 （0% /22%, SL/FO）. The juveniles fed Diet1 （0%/22%, SL/FO） had obviously lower whole body lipid content than those fed other diets （P≤0. 05）, but had significantly higher whole body protein content than those fed other diets （P ＜ 0. 05）. For all treatments no significant differences were observed in feed efficiency （FE）, hepatosomatic index （HSI）, viscerosomatic index （VSI） and condition factor （CF）, specific growth rate （SGR）, feed intake （FI）, protein efficiency ratio （PER）, and final body weight （FBW）. Increase in dietary soybean lecithin/fish oil （SL/FO） ratio reduced lipid droplets in intestine enterocytes of grouper juvenile. It is concluded that the grouper juvenile microdiets should have a high dietary soybean lecithin/fish oil ratio （15%/7% ）.
2013, 4(2): 119-123.
doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.2013.02.007
Abstract:
In order to evaluate cold resistance of Piper plants in Hainan,relative conductance percentages and malondialdehyde contents of 10 germplasms of Piper plants after treatments of their leaves with low temperature of-3 ℃, - 5 ℃ -7 ℃ were measured. Based on the relationship between the relative conductivity and malondi-aldehyde （MDA） content with the cold resistance,of 10 species of Piper in Hainan,the cold resistance of P. betle,P. sarmentosum,P. laetispicum,and P. bonii are comparatively strong,and that of P. nigrumi "Lampong Type"and P. hainanensei are weaker.
In order to evaluate cold resistance of Piper plants in Hainan,relative conductance percentages and malondialdehyde contents of 10 germplasms of Piper plants after treatments of their leaves with low temperature of-3 ℃, - 5 ℃ -7 ℃ were measured. Based on the relationship between the relative conductivity and malondi-aldehyde （MDA） content with the cold resistance,of 10 species of Piper in Hainan,the cold resistance of P. betle,P. sarmentosum,P. laetispicum,and P. bonii are comparatively strong,and that of P. nigrumi "Lampong Type"and P. hainanensei are weaker.
2013, 4(2): 124-128.
doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.2013.02.006
Abstract:
Four samples of diseased Cucumis melo var. Saccharinus showing stunting,small leaf,mosaic symptom were collected in Ledong,Hainan Province,China. PCR product of expected size was amplified from three samples using the begomovirus degenerate primer pair PA/PB,cloned and sequenced. The size of the PCR product was 509 bp. Phylogenetic analysis showed that HA1 clustered with SLCPHV-[Taiwan]and SLCPHV while HA3 and HA4 clustered with SLCCNV-[Melon]and SLCCNV-[Hn61],which indicated that the three samples of C. melo var. Saccharinus were infected likely with different species of geminiviruses.
Four samples of diseased Cucumis melo var. Saccharinus showing stunting,small leaf,mosaic symptom were collected in Ledong,Hainan Province,China. PCR product of expected size was amplified from three samples using the begomovirus degenerate primer pair PA/PB,cloned and sequenced. The size of the PCR product was 509 bp. Phylogenetic analysis showed that HA1 clustered with SLCPHV-[Taiwan]and SLCPHV while HA3 and HA4 clustered with SLCCNV-[Melon]and SLCCNV-[Hn61],which indicated that the three samples of C. melo var. Saccharinus were infected likely with different species of geminiviruses.
2013, 4(2): 129-132.
doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.2013.02.008
Abstract:
For highland barley plant regeneration,mature embryos selected from 10 popularized varieties of high-land barley （Hordeum vulgare L. var. nudum Hook. f. ） in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were used as explants. A plant regeneration system was successfully established via regular tissue culture procedure. In the plant regeneration system the callus inducing rate for the embryos of the 10 barley varieties was higher when cultured in the MS medium at the presence of L-Proline （1 g·L-1 ） + Casein hydrolyzate （8 g·L-1 ） + 2,4-D （mg·L-1 ）, and adventitious bud inducing rate was higher in the MS medium supplemented with L-Proline （1 g·L-1 ） + Casein hydrolyzate （8 g·L-1 ）. The plantlets were induced to root in the 1/2 MS rooting medium.
For highland barley plant regeneration,mature embryos selected from 10 popularized varieties of high-land barley （Hordeum vulgare L. var. nudum Hook. f. ） in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were used as explants. A plant regeneration system was successfully established via regular tissue culture procedure. In the plant regeneration system the callus inducing rate for the embryos of the 10 barley varieties was higher when cultured in the MS medium at the presence of L-Proline （1 g·L-1 ） + Casein hydrolyzate （8 g·L-1 ） + 2,4-D （mg·L-1 ）, and adventitious bud inducing rate was higher in the MS medium supplemented with L-Proline （1 g·L-1 ） + Casein hydrolyzate （8 g·L-1 ）. The plantlets were induced to root in the 1/2 MS rooting medium.
2013, 4(2): 133-137,145.
doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.2013.02.001
Abstract:
In this study,the results of realtime PCR of rice sucrose synthase gene 1（RSuS1） showed that RSuS1 was highly expressed in sheath and leaf during whole growth stage. The promoter of RSuS1 was amplified from genomic DNA template of an indica rice variety"Minghui 63",then the DNA fragment of Xa21 including open reading frame and terminator was amplified from vector pDBXa21 carrying completely genomic Xa21 fragment. In order to breed transgenic rice with resistance to bacterial leaf blight during whole growth stage and without risk of comestible safety,we constructed an expression vector that Xa21 was driven by RSP.
In this study,the results of realtime PCR of rice sucrose synthase gene 1（RSuS1） showed that RSuS1 was highly expressed in sheath and leaf during whole growth stage. The promoter of RSuS1 was amplified from genomic DNA template of an indica rice variety"Minghui 63",then the DNA fragment of Xa21 including open reading frame and terminator was amplified from vector pDBXa21 carrying completely genomic Xa21 fragment. In order to breed transgenic rice with resistance to bacterial leaf blight during whole growth stage and without risk of comestible safety,we constructed an expression vector that Xa21 was driven by RSP.
2013, 4(2): 138-145.
doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.2013.02.004
Abstract:
Poly-L-lysine-Starch （PLL-S） copolymer was prepared by reductive amination reaction. The PLL-S copolymer were characterized by infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy,and the molecular weights of the PLL-S were examined by gel chromatography,with a laser particle size analyzer to detect its potential. We examined the ability of the PLL to DNA-binding and degradation of the ability of anti-DNase Ⅰ using agarose gel electrophoresis. The cytotoxicity of PLL decorated with starch modified was analyzed through MTT method in 293T cells. We assayed the PLL-S transfecting plasmid DNA of capability. The results showed that the prepared PLL-S graft ratio was 2. 8%, a number average molecular weight was 60 629,potentials was 23. 7 mV. PLL-S copolymer was capable of binding to DNA,and protected DNA from the destruction of the DNase Ⅰ. The cytotoxicity of the copolymer was low enough to achieve evaluation level of one or more standard. transfection efficiency of the PLL-S copolymer was as high as （48 ± 3. 2） %. We judged that PLL-S copolymer prepared can be used as gene carriers in biomedical application by studying its performance.
Poly-L-lysine-Starch （PLL-S） copolymer was prepared by reductive amination reaction. The PLL-S copolymer were characterized by infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy,and the molecular weights of the PLL-S were examined by gel chromatography,with a laser particle size analyzer to detect its potential. We examined the ability of the PLL to DNA-binding and degradation of the ability of anti-DNase Ⅰ using agarose gel electrophoresis. The cytotoxicity of PLL decorated with starch modified was analyzed through MTT method in 293T cells. We assayed the PLL-S transfecting plasmid DNA of capability. The results showed that the prepared PLL-S graft ratio was 2. 8%, a number average molecular weight was 60 629,potentials was 23. 7 mV. PLL-S copolymer was capable of binding to DNA,and protected DNA from the destruction of the DNase Ⅰ. The cytotoxicity of the copolymer was low enough to achieve evaluation level of one or more standard. transfection efficiency of the PLL-S copolymer was as high as （48 ± 3. 2） %. We judged that PLL-S copolymer prepared can be used as gene carriers in biomedical application by studying its performance.
2013, 4(2): 146-152,159.
doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.2013.02.009
Abstract:
In this study,Oryza sativa ssp. japonica var. Nipponbare used as material,the Arabidopsis CERK1 was used to retrieve its homologous genes in the rice genome and a rice homologous gene CERK2,OsCERK2 was obtained,which cDNA of OsCERK2 was isolated by RT-PCR. Bioinformatics analysis showed that OsCERK2 was a plasma membrane protein including a signal peptide,its extracellular domain included an LsyM domain,its kinase domain included a protein tyrosine kinase domain. Overexpression vector driven by 35S promoter and RNA interference （RNAi） vector driven by maize ubiquitin promoter were constructed. The OsCERK2 gene was then transferred into rice by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. T0 transgenic plants were obtained from each vector. Amplifying T0 transgenic plants by PCR and RT-PCR showed transgenic plants with efficient expression were gained. The results would lay a foundation on further studying functions of OsCERK2.
In this study,Oryza sativa ssp. japonica var. Nipponbare used as material,the Arabidopsis CERK1 was used to retrieve its homologous genes in the rice genome and a rice homologous gene CERK2,OsCERK2 was obtained,which cDNA of OsCERK2 was isolated by RT-PCR. Bioinformatics analysis showed that OsCERK2 was a plasma membrane protein including a signal peptide,its extracellular domain included an LsyM domain,its kinase domain included a protein tyrosine kinase domain. Overexpression vector driven by 35S promoter and RNA interference （RNAi） vector driven by maize ubiquitin promoter were constructed. The OsCERK2 gene was then transferred into rice by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. T0 transgenic plants were obtained from each vector. Amplifying T0 transgenic plants by PCR and RT-PCR showed transgenic plants with efficient expression were gained. The results would lay a foundation on further studying functions of OsCERK2.
2013, 4(2): 153-159.
doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.2013.02.010
Abstract:
Yacheng,Wanning and Dongfang populations of common wild rice （Oryza rufipogon Griff） were crossed with bar transgenic rice B2 （male parent） to produce F1 hybrids （"Bar-wild hybrids"）. The growth competition between the common wild rice and the Bar-wild hybrids was analyzed by comparing their performance in seed viability,growth characteristics,seed set,regeneration ability and other key agronomic traits under field conditions. The Bar-wild hybrids generally had a higher germination rate than the common wild rice. The Bar-wild hybrids were not much different in flag leaf area and tiller number from the common wild rice in monoculture but had higher relative competitiveness ability than the common wild rice in mixed culture. The Bar-wild hybrids generally had a high seed set percentage but had a lower ratooning rate （regeneration of the stubbles） than the common wild rice.
Yacheng,Wanning and Dongfang populations of common wild rice （Oryza rufipogon Griff） were crossed with bar transgenic rice B2 （male parent） to produce F1 hybrids （"Bar-wild hybrids"）. The growth competition between the common wild rice and the Bar-wild hybrids was analyzed by comparing their performance in seed viability,growth characteristics,seed set,regeneration ability and other key agronomic traits under field conditions. The Bar-wild hybrids generally had a higher germination rate than the common wild rice. The Bar-wild hybrids were not much different in flag leaf area and tiller number from the common wild rice in monoculture but had higher relative competitiveness ability than the common wild rice in mixed culture. The Bar-wild hybrids generally had a high seed set percentage but had a lower ratooning rate （regeneration of the stubbles） than the common wild rice.
2013, 4(2): 160-164.
doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.2013.02.002
Abstract:
Mangroves are woody plants that grow along tropical and subtropical coasts and form clumpy stands in intertidal zones. The anatomical and physiological features associated with their salt-tolerant lifestyles have not been well characterized,little is known about the impact of defensive enzymes on their adaptation to these saline environments. In this study,the enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, peroxidase （POD）, ascorbic acid（ASA） and Malondialdehyde （MDA） in the C. tagal roots treated by four concentrations （0,150,300,450 mmol·L-1 ） of NaCl were studied in a greenhouse of Hainan University,Haikou,China. The results showed that the activity of MDA had a sharp increase at early stressed time,and this signal induces the appearance of antioxidative defensive system,including a certain increase of SOD,POD,ASA. which indicated that cell plasma membrane of C. tagal roots had rather strong resistance to the injury of salt ion. These results established a theoretical foundation for salt tolerance mechanism of C. tagal.
Mangroves are woody plants that grow along tropical and subtropical coasts and form clumpy stands in intertidal zones. The anatomical and physiological features associated with their salt-tolerant lifestyles have not been well characterized,little is known about the impact of defensive enzymes on their adaptation to these saline environments. In this study,the enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, peroxidase （POD）, ascorbic acid（ASA） and Malondialdehyde （MDA） in the C. tagal roots treated by four concentrations （0,150,300,450 mmol·L-1 ） of NaCl were studied in a greenhouse of Hainan University,Haikou,China. The results showed that the activity of MDA had a sharp increase at early stressed time,and this signal induces the appearance of antioxidative defensive system,including a certain increase of SOD,POD,ASA. which indicated that cell plasma membrane of C. tagal roots had rather strong resistance to the injury of salt ion. These results established a theoretical foundation for salt tolerance mechanism of C. tagal.
2013, 4(2): 165-168.
doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.2013.02.011
Abstract:
In order to study the change of sucrose content and related metabolic enzymes activity under the condition of the different proportional replacement of potassium by sodium in the coconut leaves,a test was attempted in which the replacement of potassium by sodium in the coconut leaves was carried out under the sand culture. The result showed that: in a condition of which the total concentration of potassium and sodium was 4 mmol·L-1, the change of the content of sucrose and soluble saccharide,as well as the activity of sucrose synthase and sucrose phosphate synthase,was similar to the control in the treatments of 25% and 50% replacement of potassium by sodium ; not only the tendency was gradually steady and but also the difference between them was not significant in the later period（P ＞ 0. 05）. However,compared to the control, the contents of sucrose and soluble saccharide and the activity of sucrose synthase reduced gradually in the treatments of 75% and 100% replacement of potassium by sodium,except that the change of the activity of sucrose phosphate synthase was as similar as the control. The results of the study expound that the partial replacement of potassium by sodium had no effect on the contents of sucrose and soluble sugar and the activity of related enzymes in coconut seedlings,which provides stable carbon sources for carbon metabolism,so as to ensure the normal growth of plants.
In order to study the change of sucrose content and related metabolic enzymes activity under the condition of the different proportional replacement of potassium by sodium in the coconut leaves,a test was attempted in which the replacement of potassium by sodium in the coconut leaves was carried out under the sand culture. The result showed that: in a condition of which the total concentration of potassium and sodium was 4 mmol·L-1, the change of the content of sucrose and soluble saccharide,as well as the activity of sucrose synthase and sucrose phosphate synthase,was similar to the control in the treatments of 25% and 50% replacement of potassium by sodium ; not only the tendency was gradually steady and but also the difference between them was not significant in the later period（P ＞ 0. 05）. However,compared to the control, the contents of sucrose and soluble saccharide and the activity of sucrose synthase reduced gradually in the treatments of 75% and 100% replacement of potassium by sodium,except that the change of the activity of sucrose phosphate synthase was as similar as the control. The results of the study expound that the partial replacement of potassium by sodium had no effect on the contents of sucrose and soluble sugar and the activity of related enzymes in coconut seedlings,which provides stable carbon sources for carbon metabolism,so as to ensure the normal growth of plants.
2013, 4(2): 169-172,188.
doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.2013.02.012
Abstract:
Salt solution and fresh water were used to irrigate the salt-tolerant and control tomatoes. The control tomatoes were not introduced with exogenous DNA. The results showed that the salt-tolerant tomato plants grew better than the control when they were irrigated under salt stress,and the control tomato plants grew short. Additionally,the salt-tolerant tomatoes were obviously higher in the leaf content of vitamin C,proline,chlorophyll and soluble sugar than the control,but much higher in the leaf protein content and lower in the leaf MDA content than the control. Their leaf SOD activity declined slightly than that of the control. It was suggested that the salttolerant tomato had a high salt resistance.
Salt solution and fresh water were used to irrigate the salt-tolerant and control tomatoes. The control tomatoes were not introduced with exogenous DNA. The results showed that the salt-tolerant tomato plants grew better than the control when they were irrigated under salt stress,and the control tomato plants grew short. Additionally,the salt-tolerant tomatoes were obviously higher in the leaf content of vitamin C,proline,chlorophyll and soluble sugar than the control,but much higher in the leaf protein content and lower in the leaf MDA content than the control. Their leaf SOD activity declined slightly than that of the control. It was suggested that the salttolerant tomato had a high salt resistance.
2013, 4(2): 173-176.
doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.2013.02.005
Abstract:
Based on the colonial morphology,Gram’s staining,bacteria growth requirements,biochemical properties,and animal inoculation tests,a Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain was isolated and identified from the tissues of the python （Python molurus） dead of pneumonia and acute bronchitis. The strain was tested with 24 different antibiotics to determine its tolerance against the antibiotics. The results showed that the strain was highly sensitive to florfenicol,tobramycine,chloromycine and ciprofloxacin,but tolerant to erythromycin,norfloxacin,ampicillin,cefradine,novomycin,selectrin,kanamycin,roxithromycin,amikacin,ofloxacin,amoxicillin,cidomycin,tetracycline,etc,showing its multi-tolerance to antibiotics.
Based on the colonial morphology,Gram’s staining,bacteria growth requirements,biochemical properties,and animal inoculation tests,a Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain was isolated and identified from the tissues of the python （Python molurus） dead of pneumonia and acute bronchitis. The strain was tested with 24 different antibiotics to determine its tolerance against the antibiotics. The results showed that the strain was highly sensitive to florfenicol,tobramycine,chloromycine and ciprofloxacin,but tolerant to erythromycin,norfloxacin,ampicillin,cefradine,novomycin,selectrin,kanamycin,roxithromycin,amikacin,ofloxacin,amoxicillin,cidomycin,tetracycline,etc,showing its multi-tolerance to antibiotics.
2013, 4(2): 177-180.
doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.2013.02.003
Abstract:
The marine biological resources in Xisha Islands were evaluated. Xisha Islands abound with rich marine resources such as corals,shellfish and tropical fishes. The marine biological tourism resources in Xisha Islands are categorized as Grade IV （the excellent resources） by the Tourism Resources Grade Appraising System. It was proposed that the marine bioresources in Xisha Islands be developed for tourism. The tourism products include seabed sightseeing,diving and recreational fishery. Eco-environment protection should be highly valued in the course of tourism development,and a maritime early-warning mechanism be established to ensure the safety and sustainable utilization of the marine bioresources in the Xisha Islands.
The marine biological resources in Xisha Islands were evaluated. Xisha Islands abound with rich marine resources such as corals,shellfish and tropical fishes. The marine biological tourism resources in Xisha Islands are categorized as Grade IV （the excellent resources） by the Tourism Resources Grade Appraising System. It was proposed that the marine bioresources in Xisha Islands be developed for tourism. The tourism products include seabed sightseeing,diving and recreational fishery. Eco-environment protection should be highly valued in the course of tourism development,and a maritime early-warning mechanism be established to ensure the safety and sustainable utilization of the marine bioresources in the Xisha Islands.
2013, 4(2): 181-188.
doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.2013.02.013
Abstract:
The true area （S）, length （a） and width （b） of leaves of lychee Feizixiao were determined,and the corrected coefficients （the ratio of the true area to the product of the length and width of leaves） were calculated and analyzed in linear regression,based on which two formulas ( S = 0. 65ab and S = 0. 648 8ab+0. 001 8 were established to estimate the leaf area. The verification of these two formulas indicated that they both can be used for accurately estimating the area of the leaves of lychee Feizixiao through measuring the length and width of leaves.
The true area （S）, length （a） and width （b） of leaves of lychee Feizixiao were determined,and the corrected coefficients （the ratio of the true area to the product of the length and width of leaves） were calculated and analyzed in linear regression,based on which two formulas ( S = 0. 65ab and S = 0. 648 8ab+0. 001 8 were established to estimate the leaf area. The verification of these two formulas indicated that they both can be used for accurately estimating the area of the leaves of lychee Feizixiao through measuring the length and width of leaves.
2013, 4(2): 189-193.
doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.2013.02.014
Abstract:
Shoots newly sprouting from underground rhizome of Hedychium flavum Roxb. ere used as explants for rapid propagation. The explants were sterilized,induced into clustered shoots,generated into plantlets and rooted on different media,and then transferred onto the mixed substrates of sand and surface soil for culture. The explants sterilized with HgCl 2 （1 g·L-1 ） for 12 min gave best result. The optimal medium for proliferation of clustered shoots was 3/4MS+6-BA3.5 mg·L-1+CH 1 000 mg·L-1 +sugar 30 g·L-1. On this medium clustered shoots were subcultured for 25 days as a cycle at a proliferation coefficient of 5. 83. The plantlets were best rooted on the rooting medium of 1/2MS + NAA 0. 5 mg·L- 1, producing upto 9. 17 roots/plantlet with an average root length of 2. 73 cm,and the rooted plantlets grew robust and 5. 43 cm tall by average. The rooted plantlets transferred onto the substrate of river sand 50% + surface soil 50% （V ︰ V） for culture gave 91. 67% survival after 25 days of transfer and grew well.
Shoots newly sprouting from underground rhizome of Hedychium flavum Roxb. ere used as explants for rapid propagation. The explants were sterilized,induced into clustered shoots,generated into plantlets and rooted on different media,and then transferred onto the mixed substrates of sand and surface soil for culture. The explants sterilized with HgCl 2 （1 g·L-1 ） for 12 min gave best result. The optimal medium for proliferation of clustered shoots was 3/4MS+6-BA3.5 mg·L-1+CH 1 000 mg·L-1 +sugar 30 g·L-1. On this medium clustered shoots were subcultured for 25 days as a cycle at a proliferation coefficient of 5. 83. The plantlets were best rooted on the rooting medium of 1/2MS + NAA 0. 5 mg·L- 1, producing upto 9. 17 roots/plantlet with an average root length of 2. 73 cm,and the rooted plantlets grew robust and 5. 43 cm tall by average. The rooted plantlets transferred onto the substrate of river sand 50% + surface soil 50% （V ︰ V） for culture gave 91. 67% survival after 25 days of transfer and grew well.
2013, 4(2): 194-197.
doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.2013.02.015
Abstract:
The formula of home made vise solution of Dianthus carryophyllus cut flowers was investigated by using common household products of 5% mass fraction sugar solution,600 mg·L-1 vitamin C solution, 35 mL·L-1 white spirit solution and cold boiling water as control. The results showed that compared with the control group, the sugar solution and white wine solution can extend the vase life of cut flowers in varying degrees with increased fresh weight and diameter of flowers,while vitamin C solution treatment had worse fresh keeping effect than control.
The formula of home made vise solution of Dianthus carryophyllus cut flowers was investigated by using common household products of 5% mass fraction sugar solution,600 mg·L-1 vitamin C solution, 35 mL·L-1 white spirit solution and cold boiling water as control. The results showed that compared with the control group, the sugar solution and white wine solution can extend the vase life of cut flowers in varying degrees with increased fresh weight and diameter of flowers,while vitamin C solution treatment had worse fresh keeping effect than control.
2013, 4(2): 198-202.
doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.2013.02.016
Abstract:
The root tips of Oncidium flexuosum Lodd were used to study the effects of sampling time,pretreatment chemical solution,fixed solutions,hydrolyzing time and staining on the chromosome observation slides. The results showed that the optimal temperature for tissue culture of the Oncidium was at 25 ℃ and that the optimal sampling time of root tip was about 10: 00 a. m in May to June. The samples were pretreated with a solution of 0. 1% colchicine and 0. 002 mol·L-1 8-hydroxyquinoline at room temperature for 4 hours,and fixed with the Carnoy’s fixative for 24 hours,and then hydrolyzed with 1 mol·L-1 HCl for 8 min at 60 ℃ and stained with modified Carbol fuchsin solution. The slides thus prepared for chromosome observation were proved to be optimum.
The root tips of Oncidium flexuosum Lodd were used to study the effects of sampling time,pretreatment chemical solution,fixed solutions,hydrolyzing time and staining on the chromosome observation slides. The results showed that the optimal temperature for tissue culture of the Oncidium was at 25 ℃ and that the optimal sampling time of root tip was about 10: 00 a. m in May to June. The samples were pretreated with a solution of 0. 1% colchicine and 0. 002 mol·L-1 8-hydroxyquinoline at room temperature for 4 hours,and fixed with the Carnoy’s fixative for 24 hours,and then hydrolyzed with 1 mol·L-1 HCl for 8 min at 60 ℃ and stained with modified Carbol fuchsin solution. The slides thus prepared for chromosome observation were proved to be optimum.
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