2013 Vol. 4, No. 3
2013, 4(3): 203-208.
doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.2013.03.016
Abstract
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Abstract:
The growth and survival of the first generation of abalones from inbreeding of and crossing between a wild abalone（ Hailiois diversicolor） population sampled from Vietnam（ Y） and a cultured population sampled from Zhanjiang,Guangdong Province（ Z） in intensive culture conditions were compared. The results showed that there were no significant differences in fertilization rate,hatching rate and larval settlement rate（ P ＞0. 05）. However,the cross combinations showed heterosis in larval metamorphosis rate,survival rate and growth at early juvenile,late juvenile and grow-out stages as compared to the self-fertilized groups. The larval metamorphosis rates of direct crossing group YZ,reverse crossing group ZY and YY group were significantly higher than those of the ZZ group. The first generations of the two cross combinations were always significantly higher in shell length and survival rate than those of the two self-fertilized groups at juvenile and grow-out stages（ P ＜ 0. 05）.At the last sampling date 360 days after fertilization,the YZ,ZY,YY and ZZ groups had the respective shell length of（ 51. 6 ± 6. 8） mm,（ 49. 9 ± 6. 7） mm,（ 44. 3 ± 5. 4） mm and（ 41. 7 ± 4. 6） mm,and the respective survival rates of（ 87. 8 ± 5. 0） %,（ 89. 2 ± 4. 4） %,（ 54. 5 ± 2. 8） % and（ 73. 1 ± 2. 4） %. The shell length of the YY group was significantly higher than that of the ZZ group（ P ＜ 0. 05）. However,the survival rate of the YY group was lower than that of the ZZ group（ P ＜ 0. 05）. The good hetorosis and environmental adaptation of these cross combinations indicated that the cross between genetically different stocks may be an effective way for genetic improvement of small abalone H. diversicolor.
The growth and survival of the first generation of abalones from inbreeding of and crossing between a wild abalone（ Hailiois diversicolor） population sampled from Vietnam（ Y） and a cultured population sampled from Zhanjiang,Guangdong Province（ Z） in intensive culture conditions were compared. The results showed that there were no significant differences in fertilization rate,hatching rate and larval settlement rate（ P ＞0. 05）. However,the cross combinations showed heterosis in larval metamorphosis rate,survival rate and growth at early juvenile,late juvenile and grow-out stages as compared to the self-fertilized groups. The larval metamorphosis rates of direct crossing group YZ,reverse crossing group ZY and YY group were significantly higher than those of the ZZ group. The first generations of the two cross combinations were always significantly higher in shell length and survival rate than those of the two self-fertilized groups at juvenile and grow-out stages（ P ＜ 0. 05）.At the last sampling date 360 days after fertilization,the YZ,ZY,YY and ZZ groups had the respective shell length of（ 51. 6 ± 6. 8） mm,（ 49. 9 ± 6. 7） mm,（ 44. 3 ± 5. 4） mm and（ 41. 7 ± 4. 6） mm,and the respective survival rates of（ 87. 8 ± 5. 0） %,（ 89. 2 ± 4. 4） %,（ 54. 5 ± 2. 8） % and（ 73. 1 ± 2. 4） %. The shell length of the YY group was significantly higher than that of the ZZ group（ P ＜ 0. 05）. However,the survival rate of the YY group was lower than that of the ZZ group（ P ＜ 0. 05）. The good hetorosis and environmental adaptation of these cross combinations indicated that the cross between genetically different stocks may be an effective way for genetic improvement of small abalone H. diversicolor.
2013, 4(3): 209-213.
doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.2013.03.001
Abstract:
In order to comprehend the condition of heavy metal pollution of shellfish in haikou bay. we have detected the heavy mental content of Crassostrea rivularis and Meretrix meretrix. In the body of Crassostrea rivularis,Zn,Cu,Cd,Pb,Cr,heavy metal content is respectively: 101. 750,161. 751,0. 686,1. 200,2. 993 mg·kg-1.In the body of Meretrix meretrix,Zn,Cu,Cd,Pb,Cr,heavy metal content is respectively: 14. 060,1. 155,0. 071,0. 150,0. 225 mg·kg-1. In addition,the content of Zn,Cu,Cd,Pb,Cr in Meretrix meretrix from low to high is foot,Mantle and adductor muscle,viscera respectively. The results show that shellfish samples of heavy metal pollution index is small,the environmental quality is good. Furthermore,selective consumption of shellfish tissues and organs will greatly reduce the health risks.
In order to comprehend the condition of heavy metal pollution of shellfish in haikou bay. we have detected the heavy mental content of Crassostrea rivularis and Meretrix meretrix. In the body of Crassostrea rivularis,Zn,Cu,Cd,Pb,Cr,heavy metal content is respectively: 101. 750,161. 751,0. 686,1. 200,2. 993 mg·kg-1.In the body of Meretrix meretrix,Zn,Cu,Cd,Pb,Cr,heavy metal content is respectively: 14. 060,1. 155,0. 071,0. 150,0. 225 mg·kg-1. In addition,the content of Zn,Cu,Cd,Pb,Cr in Meretrix meretrix from low to high is foot,Mantle and adductor muscle,viscera respectively. The results show that shellfish samples of heavy metal pollution index is small,the environmental quality is good. Furthermore,selective consumption of shellfish tissues and organs will greatly reduce the health risks.
2013, 4(3): 214-219.
doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.2013.03.003
Abstract:
Two strains of E. cloacae carrying New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase 1（ NDM-1） gene were isolated clinically and identified by using BioMerieux API identification system to study their drug susceptibility,and the NDM-1 gene from these two strains was identified by PCR. Metal producing enzyme carbapenemase was tested from these two strains by IP/IPI E-test and the drug susceptibility of the strains tested by concentration gradient E-test. The NDM-1 gene was detected in both of the two strains of E. cloacae,and the strains were found resistant to plenty of antibiotics,such as Meropenem,Imipenem,Pyocyanin,Cefotetan,Cefepime,Ceftriaxone,Ceftazidime,Aztreonam,Sulfamethoxazole and Amikacin. The NDM-1 gene plays an important role in drug susceptibility. The patients infected with E. cloacae carrying the NDM-1 are local people of Hainan Province,China,and they have not traveled abroad,suggesting no epidemiological link between this bacterium and that reported overseas. The E. cloacaes identified in Hainan is endemic.
Two strains of E. cloacae carrying New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase 1（ NDM-1） gene were isolated clinically and identified by using BioMerieux API identification system to study their drug susceptibility,and the NDM-1 gene from these two strains was identified by PCR. Metal producing enzyme carbapenemase was tested from these two strains by IP/IPI E-test and the drug susceptibility of the strains tested by concentration gradient E-test. The NDM-1 gene was detected in both of the two strains of E. cloacae,and the strains were found resistant to plenty of antibiotics,such as Meropenem,Imipenem,Pyocyanin,Cefotetan,Cefepime,Ceftriaxone,Ceftazidime,Aztreonam,Sulfamethoxazole and Amikacin. The NDM-1 gene plays an important role in drug susceptibility. The patients infected with E. cloacae carrying the NDM-1 are local people of Hainan Province,China,and they have not traveled abroad,suggesting no epidemiological link between this bacterium and that reported overseas. The E. cloacaes identified in Hainan is endemic.
2013, 4(3): 220-224.
doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.2013.03.006
Abstract:
Anthracnose is the main plant disease of Stylosanthes. Identification of pathogen of the disease is particularly important. Two pathogenic strains of anthracnose were separated by using conventional tissue isolation method,and the rDNA-ITS of the pathogens were amplified by using universal primers ITS1/ITS4. The electrophoresis results showed that the target band was 500 bp approximately. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the two strains were clustered into Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and had 99% homology. Five Stylo species were inoculated with the two pathogenic strains,and the result showed that these 5 stylo species were different in tolerance to anthracnose.
Anthracnose is the main plant disease of Stylosanthes. Identification of pathogen of the disease is particularly important. Two pathogenic strains of anthracnose were separated by using conventional tissue isolation method,and the rDNA-ITS of the pathogens were amplified by using universal primers ITS1/ITS4. The electrophoresis results showed that the target band was 500 bp approximately. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the two strains were clustered into Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and had 99% homology. Five Stylo species were inoculated with the two pathogenic strains,and the result showed that these 5 stylo species were different in tolerance to anthracnose.
2013, 4(3): 225-231,235.
doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.2013.03.007
Abstract:
An attempt was made to determine the optimal medium for Bacillus subtilis HAB-1 growth and the best fermentation conditions for Bacillus subtilis HAB-1 to produce anti-microbial substances. Suitable C source,N source and metal ions were screened for the medium and the cultural conditions determined for the strain HAB-1 through single factor test with the methods of shake flask culture and plate confrontation. The optimal carbon source was sucrose and corn flour,the optimal nitrogen was yeast extract and bran,and the optimal metal ions were K+. Orthogonal experiment showed that HAB-1 had the strong anti-microbial activity against pathogen when cultured in the medium ZY. This medium contained 10 g·L-1sucrose,30 g·L-1 corn flour,30 g·L-1yeast extract,40 g·L-1bran,and 1 g·L-1KH2PO4. The culture conditions for this medium were further optimized. The optimal cultural conditions of this medium were pH 6. 0,the fermentation temperature 37 ℃,the medium volume 60 mL in a 250 mL flask,the inoculation volume ratio 2%（ V/V）,the fermentation time 24 h,and the rpm 190 r·min-1. Under these culturing conditions,the strain HAB-1 had the largest viable count and the highest antimicrobial activity against anthracnose pathogen in rubber tree. The viable count and inhibition zone diameter were 2. 6 × 1010/ mL and 34. 0 mm,respectively,123. 81 times and 1. 10 times higher than those of the strain HAB-1 cultured in NB.
An attempt was made to determine the optimal medium for Bacillus subtilis HAB-1 growth and the best fermentation conditions for Bacillus subtilis HAB-1 to produce anti-microbial substances. Suitable C source,N source and metal ions were screened for the medium and the cultural conditions determined for the strain HAB-1 through single factor test with the methods of shake flask culture and plate confrontation. The optimal carbon source was sucrose and corn flour,the optimal nitrogen was yeast extract and bran,and the optimal metal ions were K+. Orthogonal experiment showed that HAB-1 had the strong anti-microbial activity against pathogen when cultured in the medium ZY. This medium contained 10 g·L-1sucrose,30 g·L-1 corn flour,30 g·L-1yeast extract,40 g·L-1bran,and 1 g·L-1KH2PO4. The culture conditions for this medium were further optimized. The optimal cultural conditions of this medium were pH 6. 0,the fermentation temperature 37 ℃,the medium volume 60 mL in a 250 mL flask,the inoculation volume ratio 2%（ V/V）,the fermentation time 24 h,and the rpm 190 r·min-1. Under these culturing conditions,the strain HAB-1 had the largest viable count and the highest antimicrobial activity against anthracnose pathogen in rubber tree. The viable count and inhibition zone diameter were 2. 6 × 1010/ mL and 34. 0 mm,respectively,123. 81 times and 1. 10 times higher than those of the strain HAB-1 cultured in NB.
2013, 4(3): 232-235.
doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.2013.03.010
Abstract:
Fruits of 8 desirable pumpkin cultivars were determined in quality traits such as firmness,water content,soluble solids content,vitamin C,protein content,fiber content and β-carotene content to assess their fruit quality. The results showed that these pumpkin cultivars were high in the contents of soluble solids and beta-carotene,good in firmness and stored well. There are significant differences in nutritional composition among different pumpkin cultivars. Pumpkin Miben 41 and Changde Miben had a higher while Pumkin Micheng had a lower nutritional quality.
Fruits of 8 desirable pumpkin cultivars were determined in quality traits such as firmness,water content,soluble solids content,vitamin C,protein content,fiber content and β-carotene content to assess their fruit quality. The results showed that these pumpkin cultivars were high in the contents of soluble solids and beta-carotene,good in firmness and stored well. There are significant differences in nutritional composition among different pumpkin cultivars. Pumpkin Miben 41 and Changde Miben had a higher while Pumkin Micheng had a lower nutritional quality.
2013, 4(3): 236-241.
doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.2013.03.011
Abstract:
Nine accessions of banana germplasm（ No. W1- W9） introduced from the Pomology Research Institute of Guangdong Province were trial planted as treatment from September 2011 to September 2012 in Fushan Town,Chengmai County,Hainan Province,and Musa AAA cavendish cv. Baxi banana was planted as CK. The accessions W1- W6 grew taller than the CK,and Accession W2 grew shorter than the CK. Accessions W7- W9were not significantly different in height from the CK. Accessions W1- W6 had larger leaves than the CK,and Accessions W7- W9 had smaller leaves than the CK. Accessions W1 and W5 had a significantly longer growth cycle than the CK,whereas the other accessions were not significantly different in growth cycle from the CK. Accession W1 had a significantly shorter time for fruit development than the CK,and Accession W9 was not significantly different in fruit development from the CK. The other accessions were significantly longer in fruit development than the CK. Accessions W4 and W7 were significantly larger in fruit cluster than the CK while Accessions W8 and W9 were not significantly different in fruit cluster from the CK,and the other accessions were significantly smaller in fruit cluster than the CK. Accession W6 had a significantly higher number of fruit fingers in the biggest comb than the CK,while Accessions W1 and W3 had a significantly lower number of fruit fingers than the CK,and the other accessions were not significantly different in number of fruit fingers from the CK. Accessions W1 and W2 and W8 were significantly shorter in finger length than the CK,whereas the other accessions were not significantly different in finger length from the CK. Accessions W3,W5,W8 and W9 gave a significantly higher yield per plant than the CK,while Accession W1 yielded significantly lower than the CK,and the other accessions were not significantly different in yield from the CK. Accessions W4,W6,W7 and W9 contained significantly higher soluble sugar in fruit flesh than the CK,and the other accessions were not significantly different in soluble sugar content from the CK. Accessions W6 and W7 had significantly lower acid content in fruit flesh than the CK,while Accession W4 was not significantly different in acid content from the CK,and the other accessions had significantly higher acid content than the CK. Accession W9 had a significantly higher content of Vc in fruit flesh than the CK,while Accession W6 had a significantly lower Vc content than the CK,and the other accessions were not significantly different in Vc content from the CK. Accessions W5 and W8 had a significantly lower edible rate of fruit fingers than the CK,while the other accessions were significantly higher in edible rate than the CK. It is concluded that Accessions W4,W7 and W9 gave better performance than other accessions and the CK and can be used as new cultivars for the banana producing area in the northwest of Hainan Province.
Nine accessions of banana germplasm（ No. W1- W9） introduced from the Pomology Research Institute of Guangdong Province were trial planted as treatment from September 2011 to September 2012 in Fushan Town,Chengmai County,Hainan Province,and Musa AAA cavendish cv. Baxi banana was planted as CK. The accessions W1- W6 grew taller than the CK,and Accession W2 grew shorter than the CK. Accessions W7- W9were not significantly different in height from the CK. Accessions W1- W6 had larger leaves than the CK,and Accessions W7- W9 had smaller leaves than the CK. Accessions W1 and W5 had a significantly longer growth cycle than the CK,whereas the other accessions were not significantly different in growth cycle from the CK. Accession W1 had a significantly shorter time for fruit development than the CK,and Accession W9 was not significantly different in fruit development from the CK. The other accessions were significantly longer in fruit development than the CK. Accessions W4 and W7 were significantly larger in fruit cluster than the CK while Accessions W8 and W9 were not significantly different in fruit cluster from the CK,and the other accessions were significantly smaller in fruit cluster than the CK. Accession W6 had a significantly higher number of fruit fingers in the biggest comb than the CK,while Accessions W1 and W3 had a significantly lower number of fruit fingers than the CK,and the other accessions were not significantly different in number of fruit fingers from the CK. Accessions W1 and W2 and W8 were significantly shorter in finger length than the CK,whereas the other accessions were not significantly different in finger length from the CK. Accessions W3,W5,W8 and W9 gave a significantly higher yield per plant than the CK,while Accession W1 yielded significantly lower than the CK,and the other accessions were not significantly different in yield from the CK. Accessions W4,W6,W7 and W9 contained significantly higher soluble sugar in fruit flesh than the CK,and the other accessions were not significantly different in soluble sugar content from the CK. Accessions W6 and W7 had significantly lower acid content in fruit flesh than the CK,while Accession W4 was not significantly different in acid content from the CK,and the other accessions had significantly higher acid content than the CK. Accession W9 had a significantly higher content of Vc in fruit flesh than the CK,while Accession W6 had a significantly lower Vc content than the CK,and the other accessions were not significantly different in Vc content from the CK. Accessions W5 and W8 had a significantly lower edible rate of fruit fingers than the CK,while the other accessions were significantly higher in edible rate than the CK. It is concluded that Accessions W4,W7 and W9 gave better performance than other accessions and the CK and can be used as new cultivars for the banana producing area in the northwest of Hainan Province.
2013, 4(3): 242-245.
doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.2013.03.002
Abstract:
The field runoff pool for field plot experiment was used to study the loss characteristics of phosphorus of surface runoff in the corn field treated with organic manure containing high phosphorus and potassium,and fertilizer calcium superphosphate. The organic manure and the fertilizer calcium superphosphate treatments had a total surface runoff loss of phosphorus of 0. 77 kg·ha-1 and 1. 12 kg·ha-1,respectively under the total rainfall of 415 mm. At low rainfall（ 26- 37 mm）,the total phosphorus concentrations in the runoff liquid were 0. 725-1. 402 mg·L-1and 0. 677- 1. 903 mg·L-1,respectively,and the total phosphorus losses were 7. 18-37. 62mg and 7. 89- 61. 49 mg,respectively. There was no significant difference between the two treatments. At higher rainfall（ 76- 87 mm）,the total phosphorus concentration of the runoff liquid in both treatments was 0. 699-1. 238 mg·L-1and 1. 170- 2. 151 mg·L-1,respectively,and the total phosphorus loss was 139. 3-332. 3mg and 159. 4- 454. 1 mg,respectively. The changes in total phosphorus concentration and total phosphorus loss were significantly lower in the organic manure treatment than in the calcium superphosphate treatment. However,the active phosphorus concentration of the runoff liquid was higher in the organic manure treatment（ 0. 091-0. 359 mg·L-1） than in the calcium superphosphate treatment（ 0. 066-0. 327 mg·L-1）,but there was no significant difference between these two treatments.
The field runoff pool for field plot experiment was used to study the loss characteristics of phosphorus of surface runoff in the corn field treated with organic manure containing high phosphorus and potassium,and fertilizer calcium superphosphate. The organic manure and the fertilizer calcium superphosphate treatments had a total surface runoff loss of phosphorus of 0. 77 kg·ha-1 and 1. 12 kg·ha-1,respectively under the total rainfall of 415 mm. At low rainfall（ 26- 37 mm）,the total phosphorus concentrations in the runoff liquid were 0. 725-1. 402 mg·L-1and 0. 677- 1. 903 mg·L-1,respectively,and the total phosphorus losses were 7. 18-37. 62mg and 7. 89- 61. 49 mg,respectively. There was no significant difference between the two treatments. At higher rainfall（ 76- 87 mm）,the total phosphorus concentration of the runoff liquid in both treatments was 0. 699-1. 238 mg·L-1and 1. 170- 2. 151 mg·L-1,respectively,and the total phosphorus loss was 139. 3-332. 3mg and 159. 4- 454. 1 mg,respectively. The changes in total phosphorus concentration and total phosphorus loss were significantly lower in the organic manure treatment than in the calcium superphosphate treatment. However,the active phosphorus concentration of the runoff liquid was higher in the organic manure treatment（ 0. 091-0. 359 mg·L-1） than in the calcium superphosphate treatment（ 0. 066-0. 327 mg·L-1）,but there was no significant difference between these two treatments.
2013, 4(3): 246-250,256.
doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.2013.03.012
Abstract:
The shoot tips of the bulbs of Gladiolus hybrids were selected as explants for tissue culture. They were cultured on MS medium containing 1- 1. 5 mg·L-1BA and 0. 1- 0. 15 mg·L-1NAA and induced to produce clustered buds. The clustered shoots were proliferated 3 to 4 times every 25 days after the clustered buds were subcultured. Rootless plantlets formed a strong root system on the 1 /2 MS culture medium supplemented with 0. 3 mg·L-1NAA in 15 to 20 days,and then produced in vitro bulbs after 3 to 4 months of subculture. Virus detection showed that the in vitro bulbs of 5 varieties of G. hybrids were free of bean yellow mosaic virus（ BYMV）,cucumber mosaic virus（ CMV）,tobacco ring spot virus（ TRSV） and broad bean wilt virus（ BBWV）. These virus- free in vitro bulbs（ initial bulbs） were cultivated in the net house for propagation of G. hybrids. The virus-free bulbs propagated from the bulbs in the net house can be used for commercial cultivation in the field.
The shoot tips of the bulbs of Gladiolus hybrids were selected as explants for tissue culture. They were cultured on MS medium containing 1- 1. 5 mg·L-1BA and 0. 1- 0. 15 mg·L-1NAA and induced to produce clustered buds. The clustered shoots were proliferated 3 to 4 times every 25 days after the clustered buds were subcultured. Rootless plantlets formed a strong root system on the 1 /2 MS culture medium supplemented with 0. 3 mg·L-1NAA in 15 to 20 days,and then produced in vitro bulbs after 3 to 4 months of subculture. Virus detection showed that the in vitro bulbs of 5 varieties of G. hybrids were free of bean yellow mosaic virus（ BYMV）,cucumber mosaic virus（ CMV）,tobacco ring spot virus（ TRSV） and broad bean wilt virus（ BBWV）. These virus- free in vitro bulbs（ initial bulbs） were cultivated in the net house for propagation of G. hybrids. The virus-free bulbs propagated from the bulbs in the net house can be used for commercial cultivation in the field.
2013, 4(3): 251-256.
doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.2013.03.013
Abstract:
The concentrations of 4 organic acids in the berries of Vitis vinifera ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’and V.vinifera. ‘Chardonnay’subjected to rain-shelter cultivation and open cultivation were assessed by using high performance liquid chromatography. The expression of VvIdnDH encoding L-Idonate Dehydrogenase,a key enzyme involved in tartaric acid biosynthesis,was analyzed through Real-time PCR. The results showed that rainshelter cultivation significantly increased the contents of tartaric acid,malic acid and oxalic acid in developing‘Cabernet Sauvignon’grape berries,but no significant difference in contents of these organic acids at harvest was observed between the two cultivation ways. Rain-shelter cultivation almost did not change the level of the four organic acids of‘Chardonnay’grape berries as compared to the open cultivation. Analysis of the expression of VvIdnDH revealed that gene expression in young berries was significantly up-regulated owing to rain-shelter cultivation and that the transcript abundance was maintained at a certain level during the following development,which may be a main reason for a high level of tartaric acid in developing grapes under rain-shelter cultivation.This work will not only provide some guidelines for the improvement of the rain-shelter cultivation in production of wine grapes,but also help to uncover the mechanism of tartaric acid accumulation in grape berries.
The concentrations of 4 organic acids in the berries of Vitis vinifera ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’and V.vinifera. ‘Chardonnay’subjected to rain-shelter cultivation and open cultivation were assessed by using high performance liquid chromatography. The expression of VvIdnDH encoding L-Idonate Dehydrogenase,a key enzyme involved in tartaric acid biosynthesis,was analyzed through Real-time PCR. The results showed that rainshelter cultivation significantly increased the contents of tartaric acid,malic acid and oxalic acid in developing‘Cabernet Sauvignon’grape berries,but no significant difference in contents of these organic acids at harvest was observed between the two cultivation ways. Rain-shelter cultivation almost did not change the level of the four organic acids of‘Chardonnay’grape berries as compared to the open cultivation. Analysis of the expression of VvIdnDH revealed that gene expression in young berries was significantly up-regulated owing to rain-shelter cultivation and that the transcript abundance was maintained at a certain level during the following development,which may be a main reason for a high level of tartaric acid in developing grapes under rain-shelter cultivation.This work will not only provide some guidelines for the improvement of the rain-shelter cultivation in production of wine grapes,but also help to uncover the mechanism of tartaric acid accumulation in grape berries.
2013, 4(3): 257-260.
doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.2013.03.004
Abstract:
The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl（ DPPH） system and phenanthroline-Fe2+ reaction system were used to estimate the activity of the crude polysaccharide（ cAMP）,the partially purified polysaccharide（ AMP）,and two purified polysaccharides（ AMP-Ⅰ,AMP-Ⅲ） from Allium macrosttemon Bge. against the free radicals.The results indicated that four types of Allium macrosttemon polysaccharides had the ability to scavenge DPPH radicals and hydroxyl radicals. The scavenging effects increased with the concentration. The cAMP had the highest scavenging effect on the free radicals,whereas AMP and the lower molecular-weight polysaccharide（ AMP-Ⅰ） had similar scavenging effect on the radicals.
The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl（ DPPH） system and phenanthroline-Fe2+ reaction system were used to estimate the activity of the crude polysaccharide（ cAMP）,the partially purified polysaccharide（ AMP）,and two purified polysaccharides（ AMP-Ⅰ,AMP-Ⅲ） from Allium macrosttemon Bge. against the free radicals.The results indicated that four types of Allium macrosttemon polysaccharides had the ability to scavenge DPPH radicals and hydroxyl radicals. The scavenging effects increased with the concentration. The cAMP had the highest scavenging effect on the free radicals,whereas AMP and the lower molecular-weight polysaccharide（ AMP-Ⅰ） had similar scavenging effect on the radicals.
2013, 4(3): 261-265.
doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.2013.03.009
Abstract:
The new processing type peanut variety Longhua 243 was selected by crossing between Quanhua No.7（ female parent） and Tainan 13（ male parent）. After years of multi-location trials,this peanut variety gave a pod yield of 4 202. 7 kg·hm-2 and a kernel yield of 2 815. 35 kg·hm-2,12% and 11. 49% higher than those of the local variety Quanhua No. 7. The yield at the demonstration sites ranged from 750 kg·hm-2to 2 250 kg·hm-2. According to the standards of wet roasted salty crisp peanut processing,the processed Longhua 243peanuts met the special grade of the standard in the kernel rate and the purity rate,4. 8% and 8. 1% higher than those of the control variety Quanhua 10,respectively. The peanut variety Longhua 243 is high in yield and quality,high in stress resistance,wide in adaptability and good in pod processing. Longhua 243 was released by Fujian Provincial Crops Approval Committee in March 2010.
The new processing type peanut variety Longhua 243 was selected by crossing between Quanhua No.7（ female parent） and Tainan 13（ male parent）. After years of multi-location trials,this peanut variety gave a pod yield of 4 202. 7 kg·hm-2 and a kernel yield of 2 815. 35 kg·hm-2,12% and 11. 49% higher than those of the local variety Quanhua No. 7. The yield at the demonstration sites ranged from 750 kg·hm-2to 2 250 kg·hm-2. According to the standards of wet roasted salty crisp peanut processing,the processed Longhua 243peanuts met the special grade of the standard in the kernel rate and the purity rate,4. 8% and 8. 1% higher than those of the control variety Quanhua 10,respectively. The peanut variety Longhua 243 is high in yield and quality,high in stress resistance,wide in adaptability and good in pod processing. Longhua 243 was released by Fujian Provincial Crops Approval Committee in March 2010.
2013, 4(3): 266-275.
doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.2013.03.014
Abstract:
In this paper,fruit aroma were briefly summarized and their prospects are expounded. Topics on the five research stages of fruit aroma,including research methods,main aromatic compounds identification,aromatic substance pathway analysis,affecting the formation of fruit aromatic substances and aromatic substances related enzymes and molecular regulatory mechanism,were all touched.
In this paper,fruit aroma were briefly summarized and their prospects are expounded. Topics on the five research stages of fruit aroma,including research methods,main aromatic compounds identification,aromatic substance pathway analysis,affecting the formation of fruit aromatic substances and aromatic substances related enzymes and molecular regulatory mechanism,were all touched.
2013, 4(3): 276-288.
doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.2013.03.005
Abstract:
The chemical components（ essential oils and non-volatile constituents）,biological activities and genetic diversity,and the relationship between the active ingredients and the genetic diversity of Pogostemon cablin were reviewed. Three questions urgent to be solved were raised.
The chemical components（ essential oils and non-volatile constituents）,biological activities and genetic diversity,and the relationship between the active ingredients and the genetic diversity of Pogostemon cablin were reviewed. Three questions urgent to be solved were raised.
2013, 4(3): 289-295.
doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.2013.03.008
Abstract:
This paper reviews the present research results on controlling methods of sugarcane borers,including agricultural control,physical control,biological control,chemical control and other aspects,and provides Integrated pest management（ IPM） for controlling sugarcane borers effectively.
This paper reviews the present research results on controlling methods of sugarcane borers,including agricultural control,physical control,biological control,chemical control and other aspects,and provides Integrated pest management（ IPM） for controlling sugarcane borers effectively.
2013, 4(3): 296-302.
doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.2013.03.015
Abstract:
Palmae plants are one of the most important representative groups of plants in the tropical areas in the world,a symbol of the tropical landscape. They are widely used in greening,beautification,purification and landscaping in the tropical and subtropical regions. Their origin,distribution,classification and biological and ecological characteristics were described,and their roles and functions in landscaping were systematically elucidated. Six principles for application of these plants in the landscape were proposed.
Palmae plants are one of the most important representative groups of plants in the tropical areas in the world,a symbol of the tropical landscape. They are widely used in greening,beautification,purification and landscaping in the tropical and subtropical regions. Their origin,distribution,classification and biological and ecological characteristics were described,and their roles and functions in landscaping were systematically elucidated. Six principles for application of these plants in the landscape were proposed.
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