Effects of Plant-based Active Ingredients on Postharvest Diseases of Mango Fruit
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摘要: 采用菌丝生长速率法研究了16种植物源活性成分对胶孢炭疽菌（Colletotrichum gloeosporioides）和尖孢炭疽菌（C.acutatum）、可可球二孢菌（Botryodiplodia theobromae）与拟茎点霉（Phomopsis mangiferae）的抑菌活性,同时测定了部分植物源活性成分对芒果采后主要病害的防治效果。结果表明:在100 mg·L-1质量浓度下,所有供试植物源活性成分对供试的4种病原菌菌丝体生长均有不同程度的抑制作用,其中,荜茇酰胺、肉桂醛、姜黄素、胡椒碱、大黄酚、辣椒碱和大黄素对4种病原菌的平均抑菌活性大于70.00%。在1 000 mg·L-1质量浓度下,荜茇酰胺、肉桂醛、姜黄素和胡椒碱对芒果采后病害有较好的防治效果,其中,荜茇酰胺对芒果炭疽病和蒂腐病的防治效果最好,其防效分别为82.18%和80.75%,效果优于抑菌剂咪鲜胺,具有替代化学抑菌剂来防治芒果采后病害的潜力。Abstract: The mycelia growth rate of pathogens was used to analyze the fungistatic ability of 16 active ingredients from plants against postharvest pathogens（Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, C. acutatum, Botryodiplodia theobromae and Phomopsis mangiferae）, and some of the plant-based active ingredients with high inhibitory activity against the pathogens were tested to determine their control efficacy against the major postharvest diseases in mango fruit（Mangifera indica Linn）. The results showed that all of the plant-based active ingredients at a concentration of 100 mg·L-1 had an inhibitory ability against mycelial growth of the 4 species of pathogens under test, of which the active ingredients piperlongumine, cinnamaldehyde, curcumin, piperine, cheysophanol, capsaicin and emodin had an average inhibitory rate of above 70.00%. The active ingredients piperlongumine, cinnamaldehyde, curcumin and piperine at 1 000 mg·L-1 had a better control effect on the postharvest diseases of mango, of which piperlongumine was the most effective for controlling postharvest diseases in mango fruit（82.18% and 80.75% for anthracnose（C. gloeosporioides） and stem end rot（P. mangiferae）, respectively, averaging 81.47%）, better than the positive control prochloraz. This suggests that piperlongumine should have the potential to be used as an alternative chemical fungicide against postharvest diseases of mango.
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Key words:
- Botanical active ingredients /
- anthracnose /
- stem end rot /
- antifungal ability /
- control efficiency
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