Diversity of Corals in Sanya Coral Reef National Nature Reserve
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摘要: 根据2012—2016年海南三亚国家级珊瑚礁自然保护区珊瑚礁资源以及水质的监控数据,探讨5年内保护区珊瑚礁资源多样性变化规律,结果显示:造礁石珊瑚种类保持在50余种,与2009年前相比,种类数有所下降;到2016年该区域石珊瑚平均覆盖率恢复到24%,死珊瑚平均覆盖率较低,未发现或很少有病害发生;礁石底质平均覆盖度几乎达到60%;珊瑚补充量从2015年开始有明显上升;2012—2016年,优势种有丛生盔形珊瑚、澄黄滨珊瑚、多孔鹿角珊瑚、二异角孔珊瑚、精巧扁脑珊瑚、鹿角杯形珊瑚和十字牡丹珊瑚;结合历史数据显示保护区内珊瑚群落结构存在由分枝状逐渐向团块状珊瑚转变的趋势;海水水质均在第1类海水水质标准要求范围内。总体而言,保护区生态环境相对较好,珊瑚礁资源正处于逐渐恢复的过程,在无人为条件影响的情况下,有望得以全面恢复。
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关键词:
- 三亚国家级珊瑚礁自然保护区 /
- 珊瑚礁 /
- 多样性 /
- 变化规律
Abstract: Data on monitoring of coral resources and sea water quality in Sanya Coral Reef National Nature Reserve, Hainan from 2012 to 2016 were collected for analysis of the change of coral resources and sea water quality. The results showed that there were more than 50 species of hermatypic corals in this National Nature Reserve, which were a bit lower as compared to those in 2009. The average coverage rate of coral reefs was recovered to 24% by 2016 in the National Nature Reserve with a lower average coverage of dead corals and no or very little occurrence of diseases infecting corals was observed.Coral recruitment has increased significantly since 2015. The dominant coral species from 2012 to 2016 were Galaxea fascicularis, Porites lutea, Acropora millepora, Goniopora duofasciata, Platygyra daedalea, Pocillopora damicornis and Pavona decussata. Comparison of historical data showed that the corals in the community structure gradually changed from branching to massive ones. The seawater quality monitoring showed that seawater quality of the sea waters in the National Nature Reserve fell within the Group 1 of seawater quality standards. In general, coral reefs in the Sanya Coral Reef National Nature Reserve have been better restored in recent years and are now in the course of gradual restoration, and they are expected to be restored completely under no human activities. -
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