Effects of Cultivation Patterns on Photosynthesis, and Yield and Its Components of Shanlan Upland Rice
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摘要: 利用淹水灌溉、湿润灌溉、旱作喷灌和传统旱作等4种栽培方式种植山栏稻,分别测定其抽穗期、齐穗期和乳熟期的剑叶净光合速率、茎叶特性和产量。结果表明:旱作喷灌方式具有最大的气孔导度、蒸腾速率,并能延缓功能叶的衰老,使物质积累显著高于淹水灌溉、湿润灌溉和传统旱作。与传统旱作相比,旱作喷灌能显著提高山栏稻剑叶净光合速率,提高效穗数、每穗实粒数、结实率和千粒质量,产量增加203.10%。此外,旱作喷灌还能节约用水,是山栏稻的最佳栽培方式。Abstract: The net photosynthetic rate of flag leaf at heading, full heading and milky ripening stages, stem and leaf characteristics and yield of Shanlan upland rice were measured under the four cultivation methods: flooding irrigation, moistening irrigation, dry land sprinkler irrigation and traditional rainfed farming. The results showed that the Shanlan upland rice under dry land sprinkler irrigation had the highest stomatal conductance and transpiration rate, which delayed the senescence of functional leaves and contributed to significantly higher biomass accumulation than those under flood irrigation, moistening irrigation and traditional rainfed farming. Compared with the traditional rainfed farming, dry land sprinkler irrigation significantly increased the net photosynthetic rate of flag leaf of Shanlan upland rice, and also increased the number of effective panicles, the number of grains per panicle, seed setting rate and 1 000-grain weight, resulting in a significant increase in yield（203.10%）. In addition, dry land sprinkler irrigation saved water, which is the best cultivation method of shanlan upland rice.
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Key words:
- Shanlan upland rice /
- dry land sprinkler irrigation /
- photosynthesis /
- yield
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