Keywords: 
• Kapok culture /
• traditional farming culture /
• ecological agriculture /
• rural revitalization

Abstract: Tropical high-efficiency agriculture is a key leading industry in Hainan Province. To develop tropical high-efficiency agriculture in Hainan Province, it is important to integrate distinctive crop germplasm resources and traditional agricultural culture of Hainan Province. In this study, the traditional stereoscopic planting model "kapok-rice agroforestry system", which is mainly practiced in Hainan Province, was systematically reviewed and summarized with an emphasis on its traditional farming techniques and rich germplasm resources. The biodiversity value, rice and kapok product quality, and yield in this traditional agroforestry system were then analyzed. We also discussed the paths and methods for the development of current tropical high-efficiency agriculture model based on the traditional skills and updated high yield and high quality techniques of kapok-rice agroforestry system. Four strategies were proposed, 1) to explore the detailed resource recycling processes and underlying mechanisms; 2) to establish the 'kapok rice' brand based on the unique traditional rice landraces;3) to reveal the scientific basis of traditional agricultural skills and increase the cultural and economic values of both rice and kapok flowers through applying Chinese Important Agricultural Heritage; 4) to systematically build up integrated development strategies of agriculture, historical culture, ecology, tourism, and natural education.