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柱花草(Stylosanthes spp.)起源于南美洲,其产量高、草质好且具有耐贫瘠、耐酸性土壤的特点,是世界热带地区重要的豆科牧草和绿肥资源[1-2]。柱花草炭疽病(Stylosanthes anthracnose)是危害柱花草生产的严重病害,可导致牧草及种子产量锐减甚至绝收,以及饲草品质大幅下降[3-4]。柱花草炭疽病主要由半知菌炭疽病菌属的胶孢炭疽菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)引起,有A型和B型2种专化型[5]。目前,对于柱花草抗炭疽病的基础研究多侧重于病原菌侵染方式和致病机理。如炭疽菌致病基因CgDN3及SSD1的鉴定和致病机制研究[6-7],胶孢炭疽菌采取活体寄生和死体腐生双阶段侵染策略的发现[8],以及炭疽病的致病性和喀斯特炭疽菌的发掘等[9]。但是,对于柱花草抗炭疽菌机制尚未完全了解,仍有待深入研究。游离氨基酸(Free amino acids)约占植物体内总氮的2%,是重要的生物活性物质。近年来,游离氨基酸在植物生长发育及抵抗生物与非生物逆境胁迫过程中发挥的生物学功能受到广泛关注,相关研究取得诸多进展。例如,脯氨酸的大量积累是水稻(Oryza sativa)、小麦(Triticum aestivum)、玉米(Zea mays)等作物中普遍存在的适应低温环境的机制[10];干旱胁迫下,植物体内的脯氨酸和赖氨酸含量会上升,从而调节渗透势以缓解胁迫对植株带来的损伤[11];γ−氨基丁酸(GABA)作为信号分子,通过调节应答分子网络提高植物耐盐与耐铝毒胁迫能力[12];β−氨基丁酸(BABA)通过诱导烟草(Nicotiana tabacum)体内水杨酸、过氧化氢及病程相关蛋白(PR蛋白)的积累,有效抵抗了烟草花叶病侵染等[13]。但是,游离氨基酸在柱花草抗炭疽病方面的研究仍未见报道。本研究将分析胶孢炭疽菌侵染柱花草后,其叶片游离氨基酸的变化,并对显著增加积累的叶片游离氨基酸开展进一步抑菌活性分析,鉴定参与柱花草抗炭疽病的游离氨基酸种类,旨在为解析柱花草抗炭疽病机理及绿色防治药物的开发提供参考依据。
Effects of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Infection on the Physiology and Biochemistry in Stylosanthes Leaves
doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.2021.03.005
- Received Date: 2021-03-08
- Rev Recd Date: 2021-05-19
- Available Online: 2021-09-28
- Publish Date: 2021-10-11
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Key words:
- Stylosanthes guianensis /
- Colletotrichum gloeosporioides /
- antioxidant system /
- free amino acids
Abstract: In order toTo reveal the physiological and biochemical responses of Stylosanthes guianensis (stylo) to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides infection, the changes in the antioxidant system and the concentrations of six mineral elements and sixteen free amino acids in the leaves of Stylo Reyan No.2 after 96 h of inoculation with C. gloeosporioides were analyzed. Results showed that the concentrations of the mineral elements, P, K, Ca, Fe, and Na, in the stylo leaves were enhanced under C. gloeosporioides treatment. The activities of antioxidant enzymes, including total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and peroxidase (POD), and the concentrations of the non-enzymatic antioxidants such as total phenols, flavonoids and procyanidins in the stylo leaves inoculated with C. gloeosporioides were increased. Furthermore, the concentrations of alanine and β-alanine increased by 7.61-fold and 1.49-fold in the stylo leaves inoculated with C. gloeosporioides, respectively, and these two amino acids had significant inhibitory effects on the growth of C. gloeosporioides in vitro. These results indicate stylo can resist the infection of C. gloeosporioides through increasing its antioxidant capacity and accumulation of the amino acids, alanine and β-alanine.
Citation: | LEI Jian, WU Yuanhang, ZHAO Xingkun, JIANG Lingyan, LIU Pandao, LUO Lijuan. Effects of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Infection on the Physiology and Biochemistry in Stylosanthes Leaves[J]. Journal of Tropical Biology, 2021, 12(3): 305-311. doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.2021.03.005 |