The internal development and developmental stages of living embryos of <i>Zeugodacus cucurbitae</i>

SONG Zhe; CAO Fengqin; WEN Jian; LIN Xianwu; YAN Rihui

doi:10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.20240005

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Volume 16 Issue 2

Apr. 2025

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Article Navigation > Journal of Tropical Biology > 2025 > 16(2): 196-205

SONG Zhe, CAO Fengqin, WEN Jian, LIN Xianwu, YAN Rihui. The internal development and developmental stages of living embryos of Zeugodacus cucurbitae[J]. Journal of Tropical Biology, 2025, 16(2): 196-205. doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.20240005

Citation:

SONG Zhe, CAO Fengqin, WEN Jian, LIN Xianwu, YAN Rihui. The internal development and developmental stages of living embryos of Zeugodacus cucurbitae[J]. Journal of Tropical Biology, 2025, 16(2): 196-205. doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.20240005

The internal development and developmental stages of living embryos of Zeugodacus cucurbitae

doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.20240005

Laboratory of Insect Development and Control, College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China

Received Date: 2024-01-10
Rev Recd Date: 2024-03-14

Abstract

Embryonic development is a continuous and dynamic process. The division of various stages is conducive to identifying the characteristic developmental states of the embryo at different durations of time, and a detailed description of the developmental status of the melon fly（Zeugodacus cucurbitae） at each stage is beneficial for a more comprehensive understanding of the internal development of the melon fly embryo. This holds significant applied value in insect prediction and genetic prevention and control. In this context an attempt was made to conduct a thorough observation and analysis of the embryonic development process of the melon fly,and the internal states of the melon fly embryo during different developmental stages were demonstrated by employing microscopic photography. Through this experimental operation, the embryos at different developmental stages can be accurately screened. The experimental results revealed that the melon fly embryo undergoes a series of internal activities from the time of laying, starting from the initial cytoplasmic contraction within the egg to the appearance of anterior and posterior poles, followed by nuclear migration and the emergence and migration of polar cells. Subsequently, dorsal folds and the invagination of the mouth and head occur, while the yolk sac begins to undergo constant changes and intestinal coils start to emerge. Around 24 hours, the larva begins vigorous movements within the embryo, and by the 30th hour, the tracheal bundles become filled with air. The larva hatches by tearing the yolk membrane at the micropyle with its mouth hook. Additionally, cell division,differentiation, and tissue formation during the embryonic development of the melon fly are closely related to different stages of mitosis. This study provides an important reference for understanding the molecular mechanisms of melon fly embryonic development and offers new insights for genetic prevention and control research. Currently, most prevention and control methods for the melon fly target the larval and adult stages, but the embryonic stage, due to its low motility and concentration, poses less difficulty in control. Therefore, there is an urgent and necessary need to develop novel targeted control measures based on the characteristics of the melon fly embryos at each stage. This study lays a foundation for genetic prevention and control of the melon fly at the embryonic stage and provides a new direction for future in-depth research on embryonic development and genetic prevention and control of the melon fly.
- Zeugodacus cucurbitae,
- embryogenesis,
- microphotography

References

[1]	VIRGILIO M, JORDAENS K, VERWIMP C, et al. Higher phylogeny of frugivorous flies(Diptera, Tephritidae,Dacini):localised partition conflicts and a novel generic classification[J]. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution,2015, 85:171-179.
[2]	黄振,郭琼霞,陈韶萍.应用SS-PCR技术设计种特异性引物快速鉴定瓜实蝇[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2020, 48(6):83-86.
[3]	汪宝如.瓜实蝇不同寄主种群对杀虫剂的耐药性差异[D]. 南昌:江西农业大学, 2022.
[4]	王奕婷,白强,陈红松,等.瓜实蝇和南亚果实蝇在我国的分布差异[J]. 环境昆虫学报, 2022, 44(5):1170-1175.
[5]	DHILLON M K, SINGH R, NARESH J S, et al. The melon fruit fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae:a review of its biology and management[J]. Journal of Insect Science, 2005, 5(1):40.doi: 10.1093/jis/5.1.40..
[6]	LUO Y, ZHAO S, LI J, et al. Isolation and molecular characterization of the transformer gene from Bactrocera cucurbitae(Diptera:Tephritidae)[J]. Journal of Insect Science,2017, 17(2):64.
[7]	秦双,陈海燕,林珠凤,等.海南瓜实蝇综合防治技术[J]. 蔬菜, 2017(12):57-58.
[8]	王小蕾,张润杰.三种常见实蝇的形态学、生物学和生态学比较[J]. 生态科学, 2009, 28(5):471-476.
[9]	ZALOKAR M. Transplantation of nucle in Drosophila melanogaster[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1971, 68(7):1539-1541.
[10]	ZALOKAR M. Transplantation of nuclei into the polar plasm of Drosophila eggs[J]. Developmental Biology,1973, 32(1):189-193.
[11]	OKADA M, KLEINMAN I A, SCHNEIDERMAN H A.Restoration of fertility in sterilized Drosophila eggs by transplantation of polar cytoplasm[J]. Developmental Biology, 1974, 37(1):43-54.
[12]	OKADA M, KLEINMAN I A, SCHNEIDERMAN H A.Repair of a genetically-caused defect in oogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster by transplantation of cytoplasm from wild-type eggs and by injection of pyrimidine nucleosides[J]. Developmental Biology, 1974, 37(1):55-62.
[13]	OKADA M, KLEINMAN I A, SCHNEIDERMAN H A.Chimeric drosophila adults produced by transplantation of nuclei into specific regions of fertilized eggs[J]. Developmental Biology, 1974, 39(1):286-294.
[14]	JoséA. Campos-Ortega, Volker Hartenstein. The Embryonic Development of Drosophila melanogaster. 1997.
[15]	郭慧芳,陈长琨,李国清.高温胁迫对雄性棉铃虫生殖力的影响[J]. 南京农业大学学报, 2000, 23(1):30-33.
[16]	蒋小龙,任丽卿,肖枢,等.瓜实蝇在云南生物学习性研究初报[J]. 植物检疫, 2003, 17(2):74-76.
[17]	韦淑丹,黄树生,王玉群,等.温度对瓜实蝇实验种群生长发育及生殖的影响研究[J]. 南方农业学报, 2011,42(7):744-747.
[18]	袁盛勇,孔琼,李正跃,肖春,等.瓜实蝇生物学特性研究.西北农业学报,2005,14(3):38-40 ,62.
[19]	何超,孔琼,袁盛勇,等.温湿度胁迫对瓜实蝇存活和繁殖特性的影响[J]. 北方园艺, 2019(15):36-43.
[20]	黄娜娜,代鹏,符悦冠,等.瓜实蝇耐低温相关生理指标的测定[J]. 应用昆虫学报, 2015, 52(3):694-701.
[21]	BROOKS S A, ANDERS M M, YEATER K M. Influences from long-term crop rotation, soil tillage, and fertility on the severity of rice grain Smuts[J]. Plant Disease,2011, 95(8):990-996.
[22]	VINCENT C, HALLMAN G, PANNETON B, et al. Management of agricultural insects with physical control methods[J]. Annual Review of Entomology, 2003, 48:261-281.
[23]	SHI L, HE H, YANG G, et al. Are yellow sticky cards and light traps effective on tea green leafhoppers and their predators in Chinese tea plantations?[J]. Insects,2020, 12(1):14.
[24]	LIU X, LIN X, LI J, et al. A novel solid artificial diet for Zeugodacus cucurbitae(Diptera:Tephritidae) larvae with fitness parameters assessed by two-sex life table[J]. Journal of Insect Science, 2020, 20(4):21.
[25]	BOWNES M. A photographic study of development in the living embryo of Drosophila melanogaster[J]. Journal of Embryology and Experimental Morphology, 1975,33(3):789-801.

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

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The internal development and developmental stages of living embryos of Zeugodacus cucurbitae

Laboratory of Insect Development and Control, College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China

Received Date: 2024-01-10

Rev Recd Date: 2024-03-14

Key words:

Abstract: Embryonic development is a continuous and dynamic process. The division of various stages is conducive to identifying the characteristic developmental states of the embryo at different durations of time, and a detailed description of the developmental status of the melon fly（Zeugodacus cucurbitae） at each stage is beneficial for a more comprehensive understanding of the internal development of the melon fly embryo. This holds significant applied value in insect prediction and genetic prevention and control. In this context an attempt was made to conduct a thorough observation and analysis of the embryonic development process of the melon fly,and the internal states of the melon fly embryo during different developmental stages were demonstrated by employing microscopic photography. Through this experimental operation, the embryos at different developmental stages can be accurately screened. The experimental results revealed that the melon fly embryo undergoes a series of internal activities from the time of laying, starting from the initial cytoplasmic contraction within the egg to the appearance of anterior and posterior poles, followed by nuclear migration and the emergence and migration of polar cells. Subsequently, dorsal folds and the invagination of the mouth and head occur, while the yolk sac begins to undergo constant changes and intestinal coils start to emerge. Around 24 hours, the larva begins vigorous movements within the embryo, and by the 30th hour, the tracheal bundles become filled with air. The larva hatches by tearing the yolk membrane at the micropyle with its mouth hook. Additionally, cell division,differentiation, and tissue formation during the embryonic development of the melon fly are closely related to different stages of mitosis. This study provides an important reference for understanding the molecular mechanisms of melon fly embryonic development and offers new insights for genetic prevention and control research. Currently, most prevention and control methods for the melon fly target the larval and adult stages, but the embryonic stage, due to its low motility and concentration, poses less difficulty in control. Therefore, there is an urgent and necessary need to develop novel targeted control measures based on the characteristics of the melon fly embryos at each stage. This study lays a foundation for genetic prevention and control of the melon fly at the embryonic stage and provides a new direction for future in-depth research on embryonic development and genetic prevention and control of the melon fly.

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Reference (25)

[1]	VIRGILIO M, JORDAENS K, VERWIMP C, et al. Higher phylogeny of frugivorous flies(Diptera, Tephritidae,Dacini):localised partition conflicts and a novel generic classification[J]. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution,2015, 85:171-179.
[2]	黄振,郭琼霞,陈韶萍.应用SS-PCR技术设计种特异性引物快速鉴定瓜实蝇[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2020, 48(6):83-86.
[3]	汪宝如.瓜实蝇不同寄主种群对杀虫剂的耐药性差异[D]. 南昌:江西农业大学, 2022.
[4]	王奕婷,白强,陈红松,等.瓜实蝇和南亚果实蝇在我国的分布差异[J]. 环境昆虫学报, 2022, 44(5):1170-1175.
[5]	DHILLON M K, SINGH R, NARESH J S, et al. The melon fruit fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae:a review of its biology and management[J]. Journal of Insect Science, 2005, 5(1):40.doi:10.1093/jis/5.1.40..
[6]	LUO Y, ZHAO S, LI J, et al. Isolation and molecular characterization of the transformer gene from Bactrocera cucurbitae(Diptera:Tephritidae)[J]. Journal of Insect Science,2017, 17(2):64.
[7]	秦双,陈海燕,林珠凤,等.海南瓜实蝇综合防治技术[J]. 蔬菜, 2017(12):57-58.
[8]	王小蕾,张润杰.三种常见实蝇的形态学、生物学和生态学比较[J]. 生态科学, 2009, 28(5):471-476.
[9]	ZALOKAR M. Transplantation of nucle in Drosophila melanogaster[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1971, 68(7):1539-1541.
[10]	ZALOKAR M. Transplantation of nuclei into the polar plasm of Drosophila eggs[J]. Developmental Biology,1973, 32(1):189-193.
[11]	OKADA M, KLEINMAN I A, SCHNEIDERMAN H A.Restoration of fertility in sterilized Drosophila eggs by transplantation of polar cytoplasm[J]. Developmental Biology, 1974, 37(1):43-54.
[12]	OKADA M, KLEINMAN I A, SCHNEIDERMAN H A.Repair of a genetically-caused defect in oogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster by transplantation of cytoplasm from wild-type eggs and by injection of pyrimidine nucleosides[J]. Developmental Biology, 1974, 37(1):55-62.
[13]	OKADA M, KLEINMAN I A, SCHNEIDERMAN H A.Chimeric drosophila adults produced by transplantation of nuclei into specific regions of fertilized eggs[J]. Developmental Biology, 1974, 39(1):286-294.
[14]	JoséA. Campos-Ortega, Volker Hartenstein. The Embryonic Development of Drosophila melanogaster. 1997.
[15]	郭慧芳,陈长琨,李国清.高温胁迫对雄性棉铃虫生殖力的影响[J]. 南京农业大学学报, 2000, 23(1):30-33.
[16]	蒋小龙,任丽卿,肖枢,等.瓜实蝇在云南生物学习性研究初报[J]. 植物检疫, 2003, 17(2):74-76.
[17]	韦淑丹,黄树生,王玉群,等.温度对瓜实蝇实验种群生长发育及生殖的影响研究[J]. 南方农业学报, 2011,42(7):744-747.
[18]	袁盛勇,孔琼,李正跃,肖春,等.瓜实蝇生物学特性研究.西北农业学报,2005,14(3):38-40	,62.
[19]	何超,孔琼,袁盛勇,等.温湿度胁迫对瓜实蝇存活和繁殖特性的影响[J]. 北方园艺, 2019(15):36-43.
[20]	黄娜娜,代鹏,符悦冠,等.瓜实蝇耐低温相关生理指标的测定[J]. 应用昆虫学报, 2015, 52(3):694-701.
[21]	BROOKS S A, ANDERS M M, YEATER K M. Influences from long-term crop rotation, soil tillage, and fertility on the severity of rice grain Smuts[J]. Plant Disease,2011, 95(8):990-996.
[22]	VINCENT C, HALLMAN G, PANNETON B, et al. Management of agricultural insects with physical control methods[J]. Annual Review of Entomology, 2003, 48:261-281.
[23]	SHI L, HE H, YANG G, et al. Are yellow sticky cards and light traps effective on tea green leafhoppers and their predators in Chinese tea plantations?[J]. Insects,2020, 12(1):14.
[24]	LIU X, LIN X, LI J, et al. A novel solid artificial diet for Zeugodacus cucurbitae(Diptera:Tephritidae) larvae with fitness parameters assessed by two-sex life table[J]. Journal of Insect Science, 2020, 20(4):21.
[25]	BOWNES M. A photographic study of development in the living embryo of Drosophila melanogaster[J]. Journal of Embryology and Experimental Morphology, 1975,33(3):789-801.

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The internal development and developmental stages of living embryos of Zeugodacus cucurbitae

doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.20240005

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References

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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The internal development and developmental stages of living embryos of Zeugodacus cucurbitae

doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.20240005

Laboratory of Insect Development and Control, College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China

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The internal development and developmental stages of living embryos of Zeugodacus cucurbitae

doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.20240005

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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The internal development and developmental stages of living embryos of Zeugodacus cucurbitae

doi: 10.15886/j.cnki.rdswxb.20240005

Laboratory of Insect Development and Control, College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China

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